{"id":31890,"date":"2026-11-06T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/?p=31890"},"modified":"2026-11-06T16:57:07","modified_gmt":"2026-11-06T09:57:07","slug":"bom-la-gi-trong-san-xuat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/kien-thuc-kinh-te\/bom-la-gi-trong-san-xuat","title":{"rendered":"BOM l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t: \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u1eadt t\u01b0 qua v\u00ed d\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng 500 chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t tr\u1ec5 ba ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn con \u1ed1c v\u00edt, trong khi kho v\u1eabn d\u01b0 motor. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m \u1edf b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch BOM trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong> l\u00e0 g\u00ec, g\u1ed3m th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ra sao v\u00e0 ai trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi n\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\"bom<\/p>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 BOM l\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c v\u1eadt t\u01b0 k\u00e8m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

\u2013 BOM nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p chia s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m, r\u1ed3i chia c\u1ee5m th\u00e0nh linh ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

\u2013 K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, mua h\u00e0ng, kho v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng d\u00f9ng chung d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1eadt t\u01b0 hay \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda qua v\u00ed d\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u00f3c t\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

1. BOM l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n BOM g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n

BOM (Bill of Materials) l\u00e0 danh m\u1ee5c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, linh ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00e1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m k\u00e8m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 “b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c” ho\u1eb7c “\u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u1eadt t\u01b0”. BOM vi\u1ebft hoa l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eef “bom” (bomb) th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n BOM trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t sau.<\/p>\n

\u2013 M\u00e3 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 hai con \u1ed1c tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u00ean v\u00e0 quy c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh cho bi\u1ebft v\u1eadt t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfm theo c\u00e1i, m\u00e9t hay kilogram.<\/p>\n

\u2013 S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cha.<\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hao h\u1ee5t b\u00f9 ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0 m\u1ea5t khi c\u1eaft, \u00e9p ho\u1eb7c l\u1eafp r\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

\u2013 C\u1ea5p (level) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u1eb1m \u1edf t\u1ea7ng n\u00e0o trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i th\u00eam c\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea7m b\u1ea3n c\u0169.<\/p>\n

BOM kh\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h3>\n

BOM tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi “c\u1ea7n g\u00ec v\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau”, c\u00f2n quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (routing) tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi “l\u00e0m theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o, \u1edf m\u00e1y n\u00e0o, m\u1ea5t bao l\u00e2u”. B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7n 8 con \u1ed1c M4, routing cho bi\u1ebft \u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u1edf c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eafp th\u00e2n trong 40 gi\u00e2y. K\u1ebf to\u00e1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/p>\n

2. BOM m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p, BOM nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h2>\n

BOM m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p (single-level BOM) ch\u1ec9 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n g\u1ed7. BOM nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p (multi-level BOM) \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m \u1edf c\u1ea5p 0, c\u1ee5m l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u1edf c\u1ea5p 1, linh ki\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u1ea5p 2. C\u00e1ch chia n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft c\u1ee5m n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m, c\u1ee5m n\u00e0o mua ngo\u00e0i. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi minh h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
C\u1ea5p<\/th>\nM\u00e3<\/th>\nT\u00ean v\u1eadt t\u01b0<\/th>\nSL \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c<\/th>\n\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/th>\nHao h\u1ee5t<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
0<\/td>\nQD-16<\/td>\nQu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ee9ng 16 inch (th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m)<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nc\u00e1i<\/td>\n\u2013<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nMT-01<\/td>\nC\u1ee5m motor<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nb\u1ed9<\/td>\n0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nMT-01-01<\/td>\nStato qu\u1ea5n d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nc\u00e1i<\/td>\n0,5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nCC-01<\/td>\nC\u1ee5m c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea1t<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nb\u1ed9<\/td>\n0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nCC-01-01<\/td>\nC\u00e1nh nh\u1ef1a 3 l\u00e1<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nc\u00e1i<\/td>\n2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nTH-01<\/td>\nTh\u00e2n, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nb\u1ed9<\/td>\n0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/td>\nTH-01-01<\/td>\n\u1ed0c v\u00edt M4<\/td>\n8<\/td>\ncon<\/td>\n3%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/td>\nBB-01<\/td>\nTh\u00f9ng carton, m\u00fat x\u1ed1p, s\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/td>\n1<\/td>\nb\u1ed9<\/td>\n1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed7i doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u00e3 v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hao h\u1ee5t ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n

EBOM v\u00e0 MBOM<\/h3>\n

D\u00f2ng bao b\u00ec cu\u1ed1i b\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong EBOM (Engineering BOM), t\u1ee9c BOM k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt do R&D l\u1eadp theo b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd. MBOM (Manufacturing BOM) l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho x\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00eam bao b\u00ec, nh\u00e3n, keo v\u00e0 s\u1eafp theo c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a x\u01b0\u1edfng. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i hay ph\u00e1t sinh thi\u1ebfu v\u1eadt t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

3. Ai trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi BOM<\/h2>\n

Hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c danh “nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean BOM”, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 trong m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m (Product Engineer) l\u1eadp EBOM; nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch PMC (Production and Material Control) chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh MBOM v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nhu c\u1ea7u; nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean mua h\u00e0ng (Purchasing Staff) \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng theo \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ee7 kho xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt t\u01b0 theo \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf to\u00e1n gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh (Cost Accountant) t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed, c\u00f2n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ERP (ERP Administrator) gi\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00fang phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. Khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c tin trong m\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u1eadt t\u01b0 – thu mua<\/a>, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u “\u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u BOM, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c” xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Khi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 xem \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1edb c\u1ed9ng hao h\u1ee5t, tr\u1eeb t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00fang qua t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

4. T\u1eeb BOM \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, mua h\u00e0ng, kho v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n

Khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, BOM trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh v\u1eadt t\u01b0. Ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt t\u01b0 MRP (Material Requirements Planning) “bung” BOM t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m xu\u1ed1ng linh ki\u1ec7n, nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7t, r\u1ed3i so v\u1edbi t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111ang v\u1ec1. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch k\u1ef9 trong b\u00e0i MRP l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/a>, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 minh h\u1ecda ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch t\u00ednh nhu c\u1ea7u nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb BOM<\/h3>\n

V\u1edbi \u0111\u01a1n 500 qu\u1ea1t, nhu c\u1ea7u \u1ed1c M4 b\u1eb1ng 500 \u00d7 8 \u00d7 (1 + 3%) = 4.120 con. N\u1ebfu kho c\u00f2n 1.000 con v\u00e0 500 con \u0111ang v\u1ec1, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n mua th\u00eam l\u00e0 2.620 con. C\u1ee5m motor t\u1ef1 l\u1eafp th\u00ec t\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p 2: 500 c\u1ee5m c\u1ea7n kho\u1ea3ng 503 stato sau khi c\u1ed9ng hao h\u1ee5t 0,5%. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

BOM h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 mua h\u00e0ng, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kho v\u00e0 t\u00ednh chi ph\u00ed<\/h3>\n

T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean, mua h\u00e0ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00ec, bao nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o. Kho d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp phi\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t theo l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec1n l\u0129nh v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ee9c. Chi ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c (\u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng hao h\u1ee5t) nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 t\u1eebng v\u1eadt t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

\n

B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c sai m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn mua h\u00e0ng, kho v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sai.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

V\u1ec1 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n, t\u1eeb 01\/01\/2026 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n doanh nghi\u1ec7p theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 99\/2025\/TT-BTC c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh thay th\u1ebf Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 200\/2014\/TT-BTC. \u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c v\u1eadt t\u01b0 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kho v\u00e0 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh; c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean h\u1ecfi k\u1ebf to\u00e1n ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

\"bom<\/p>\n

5. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i BOM hay g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n

Sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1eadt t\u01b0 hi\u1ebfm khi do ph\u00e9p nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 do d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i khi chuy\u1ec1n d\u1eebng v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft gi\u00e1 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: b\u1ed1n l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c hay g\u1eb7p<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 BOM qu\u00ean v\u1eadt t\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 keo, nh\u00e3n ho\u1eb7c th\u00f9ng carton n\u00ean chuy\u1ec1n d\u1eebng gi\u1eefa ca.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Hao h\u1ee5t \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p g\u00e2y thi\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 cao l\u00e0m t\u1ed3n kho ph\u00ecnh to.<\/p>\n

\u2013 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u00ean mua h\u00e0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n c\u0169.<\/p>\n

\u2013 \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u00ednh b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m gi\u1eefa cu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 m\u00e9t l\u00e0m s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u l\u1ec7ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed7i n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh t\u00ednh ra l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

L\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c. Khi \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ph\u00f2ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ECN (Engineering Change Notice) ghi r\u00f5 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 n\u00e0o b\u1ecb thay, t\u1eeb l\u00f4 hay ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o. B\u1ea3n c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb x\u00f3a m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft linh ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 v\u1eabn truy v\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t x\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

BOM trong ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ERP<\/h3>\n

Doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Excel; khi m\u00e3 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 l\u00ean h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i chuy\u1ec3n sang ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) nh\u01b0 SAP, Oracle, Odoo ho\u1eb7c MISA. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u1ed1i BOM trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1ed3n kho, \u0111\u01a1n mua v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Tuy v\u1eady, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp sai th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn sai.<\/p>\n

\n

L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u2013 B\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh tay nhu c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 v\u1eadt t\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tin con s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

\u2013 B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c sau m\u1ed7i l\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh hao h\u1ee5t.<\/p>\n

\u2013 B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n h\u1ecfi ECN g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1eb7t linh ki\u1ec7n v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Ba th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1eaft l\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 mua h\u00e0ng quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

6. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

1. BOM v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t?<\/em><\/strong> V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t; BOM tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

2. Ai ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1eadp BOM?<\/em><\/strong> K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c R&D l\u1eadp EBOM, b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1ed5 sung th\u00e0nh MBOM.<\/p>\n

3. C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc ERP m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c BOM kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, n\u1eafm Excel v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u BOM trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong> l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5m v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng hao h\u1ee5t v\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi. T\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00ednh nhu c\u1ea7u, mua h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kho xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 k\u1ebf to\u00e1n t\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh. H\u00e3y th\u1eed l\u1eadp b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c cho m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft mang t\u00ednh tham kh\u1ea3o; s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebf to\u00e1n n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u0103n b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 quy ch\u1ebf t\u1eebng doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/em><\/p>\n

Minh An<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng 500 chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t tr\u1ec5 ba ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu v\u00e0i ngh\u00ecn con \u1ed1c v\u00edt, trong khi kho v\u1eabn d\u01b0 motor. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":31870,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kien-thuc-kinh-te"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31891,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31890\/revisions\/31891"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31870"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}