{"id":13661,"date":"2026-03-05T14:03:11","date_gmt":"2026-03-05T07:03:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/?p=13661"},"modified":"2026-05-28T12:20:22","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T05:20:22","slug":"nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/tu-van-nghe-nghiep\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc","title":{"rendered":"Ng\u00e0nh K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt X\u00e9t Nghi\u1ec7m Y H\u1ecdc L\u00e0 G\u00ec? Ra Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e0m G\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 hay \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ai h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng sau c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh. <strong>Ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc<\/strong> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1eaft x\u00edch then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u00f3 \u2014 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. Ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd khi nhu c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 y t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"559\" src=\"https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/05140006\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc-la-gi-hoc-nhung-gi-1024x559.jpg\" alt=\"Ng\u00e0nh K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt X\u00e9t Nghi\u1ec7m Y H\u1ecdc L\u00e0 G\u00ec? Ra Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e0m G\u00ec?\" class=\"wp-image-13674\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/05140006\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc-la-gi-hoc-nhung-gi-1024x559.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/05140006\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc-la-gi-hoc-nhung-gi-300x164.jpg 300w, https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/05140006\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc-la-gi-hoc-nhung-gi-150x82.jpg 150w, https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/05140006\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc-la-gi-hoc-nhung-gi-768x419.jpg 768w, https:\/\/cl-wpml.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/05140006\/nganh-ky-thuat-xet-nghiem-y-hoc-la-gi-hoc-nhung-gi.jpg 1408w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<div style=\"background:#e3f2fd;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:15px 20px;margin:20px 0;border-radius:4px\">\n<p><strong>T\u1ed5ng quan nhanh<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"margin:5px 0;padding-left:20px\">\n<li>T\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng Anh: Medical Laboratory Technology (MLT)<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o: 4 n\u0103m (\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc), 3 n\u0103m (cao \u0111\u1eb3ng)<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1: b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c theo Lu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 15\/2023\/QH15<\/li>\n<li>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u: k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m (MLT), chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean sinh h\u00f3a, vi sinh, huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/li>\n<li>N\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c: b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m, trung t\u00e2m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh (CDC), c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m<\/li>\n<li>C\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd: B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ISO 15189<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc (Medical Laboratory Technology) l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh thu\u1ed9c kh\u1ed1i y t\u1ebf, chuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng tr\u00ean m\u1eabu m\u00e1u, n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u, m\u00f4 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, d\u1ecbch sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 60\u201370% quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng theo c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y h\u1ecdc, d\u00f9 con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>Sinh vi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng sinh h\u00f3a, vi sinh, huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng lab hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\" style=\"background:#f8f9fa;border-left:4px solid #1565c0;padding:15px 20px;margin:20px 0;border-radius:4px;font-style:italic;color:#333;\">\n<p>&#8220;K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m (Medical Laboratory Technician\/Technologist) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u sinh h\u1ecdc \u2014 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.&#8221; \u2014 Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o MLT chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Theo Lu\u1eadt Kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh 2023 (Lu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 15\/2023\/QH15), ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p do B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf c\u1ea5p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ra v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1eed nh\u00e2n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m khi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan<\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp: k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, trong khi d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. H\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o 4 n\u0103m t\u1ea1i b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng chia th\u00e0nh hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: hai n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 s\u1edf, hai n\u0103m sau chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Sinh h\u00f3a l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng (ph\u00e2n t\u00edch glucose, lipid, enzyme, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u (x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e1u, nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u, \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ea7m m\u00e1u)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Vi sinh y h\u1ecdc (nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y vi khu\u1ea9n, kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ed3, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m PCR)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch h\u1ecdc l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng (ELISA, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean \u2013 kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 n\u1ea5m y h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m (ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ISO 15189 do T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi WHO khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Tin h\u1ecdc y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m (LIS)<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, sinh vi\u00ean d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng lab v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong quy tr\u00ecnh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh <a href=\"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/viec-lam\/cham-soc-suc-khoe-y-te\/14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong><em>vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \/ Y t\u1ebf<\/em><\/strong><\/a> ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u2014 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean gi\u1ecfi v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 thao t\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table table table-bordered table-striped\">\n<table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:20px 0;font-size:15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background:#1565c0;color:#fff;padding:12px 15px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #1259a7;font-weight:600\">Nh\u00f3m m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#1565c0;color:#fff;padding:12px 15px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #1259a7;font-weight:600\">N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh<\/th>\n<th style=\"background:#1565c0;color:#fff;padding:12px 15px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #1259a7;font-weight:600\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Sinh h\u00f3a l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Glucose, lipid, enzyme gan, th\u1eadn, \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ec7nh gan, suy th\u1eadn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">Huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e1u, \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ea7m m\u00e1u, nh\u00f3m m\u00e1u ABO\/Rh<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f4ng m\u00e1u, truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u an to\u00e0n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Vi sinh y h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ecbnh danh vi khu\u1ea9n, kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ed3, PCR<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n, kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch h\u1ecdc<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">ELISA, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch hu\u1ef3nh quang<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m HIV, vi\u00eam gan B\/C, t\u1ef1 mi\u1ec5n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">K\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Soi k\u00ednh, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n, m\u00e1u<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#ffffff\">Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t, giun s\u00e1n, amip<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">ISO 15189, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding:10px 15px;border:1px solid #dee2e6;background:#f0f7ff\">\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 <strong>ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc<\/strong>. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u1eed nh\u00e2n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y v\u00e0o s\u1edf th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i khoa x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m \u0111a khoa, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m chuy\u00ean khoa. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng quy \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea1ch Mai, Ch\u1ee3 R\u1eaby, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c TP.HCM c\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ISO 15189 \u2014 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi cao v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng<\/h3>\n<p>Trung t\u00e2m Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt (CDC) c\u1ea5p t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n V\u1ec7 sinh d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1eabu trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf (trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc) th\u01b0\u1eddng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed nh\u00e2n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng (Application Specialist), tr\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. H\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<p>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/tu-van-nghe-nghiep\/nganh-dieu-duong-la-gi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong><em>ng\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m g\u00ec<\/em><\/strong><\/a>, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean \u2192 tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00f3m \u2192 tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y sau khi t\u00edch l\u0169y kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y<\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc th\u1ea1c s\u0129, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y sinh h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o y t\u1ebf. H\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng m\u1edf ra kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/h2>\n<p>Ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb b\u1eadc cao \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn l\u00e2u n\u0103m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (Khoa K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt y h\u1ecdc)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c Hu\u1ebf<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Y t\u1ebf H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y t\u1ebf C\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan)<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng y t\u1ebf t\u1ec9nh\/th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<p>Khi ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, v\u00ec th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p l\u00fd<\/h2>\n<p>Theo Lu\u1eadt Kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh 2023 (Lu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 15\/2023\/QH15) c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1\/1\/2024, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 do c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf c\u1ea5p. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t cho c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm r\u00f5 ngay t\u1eeb khi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p>WHO v\u00e0 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n ISO 15189 \u2014 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y t\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c bu\u1ed9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n<p>Nhu c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u0103ng theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1m s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3. C\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 MEDLATEC, Diag, SYT Lab m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nhanh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, t\u1ea1o th\u00eam c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p:<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn cao v\u00ec sai s\u00f3t trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t quy tr\u00ecnh an to\u00e0n sinh h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 Ca tr\u1ef1c, gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh (nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 gen th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi NGS)<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, th\u00edch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo quy tr\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung cao trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n<p><strong><em>Ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3. Theo Lu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 15\/2023\/QH15 (Lu\u1eadt Kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh 2023), ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 do B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf c\u1ea5p, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y h\u1ecdc m\u1ea5y n\u0103m v\u00e0 thi kh\u1ed1i n\u00e0o?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng 4 n\u0103m, cao \u0111\u1eb3ng 3 n\u0103m. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e9t tuy\u1ec3n kh\u1ed1i B00 (To\u00e1n, H\u00f3a, Sinh) ho\u1eb7c B08 (To\u00e1n, Sinh, Anh) \u2014 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau theo n\u0103m tuy\u1ec3n sinh.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Canada, \u00dac, \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, tuy nhi\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng. <strong>Ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m y h\u1ecdc<\/strong> cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau \u2014 t\u1eeb ph\u00f2ng lab b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ty thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, CDC hay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\"><strong>Minh An<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>N\u1ed9i dung trong b\u00e0i mang t\u00ednh tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed5ng quan; c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, kinh nghi\u1ec7m, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\">\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 hay \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u01b0ng \u00edt ai h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng sau c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":58,"featured_media":13674,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[91],"class_list":["post-13661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tu-van-nghe-nghiep","tag-huong-nghiep"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/58"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13661"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13661\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16984,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13661\/revisions\/16984"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13674"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.careerlink.vn\/cam-nang-viec-lam\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}